Internal combustion engine



Aug. A J. INTERNAL coMEUsToN ENGINE Original Filed Dec. 22, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEYN TOR; BY @5f VW ATTORNEY Aug. 14, 1934. A. J. MEYER INTERNAL COMBUSTION: ENGINE 4 sheets-sheet 2 Original Filed Decv 22. 1926 INVENTOR {5in/Hf QTQ a BY 43d v A TORNEY Aug. 14, 1934. A. J. MEYER INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed Dec. 22, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. 915e A TTORNEY Aug. 14, 1934.

A. .lj MEYER INT`ERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed Dec. 22

INVENTOR.

1 TToRNEY IIE- EL Patented Aug. 14, 1934 1,969,814

1,969,814 INTERNAL CoMBUsrIoN ENGINE Andr J. Meyer, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Continental Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a.

corporation of Virginia Application December 22, 1926, Serial No. 156,400 Renewed September 8, 1930l Claims. (Cl. 12S-52) My invention relates broadly-to internal comthe construction of the air regulating nozzle bustion engines and more particularly to a conemployed in the air manifold of the internal comstruction'of internal combustion engine in which bustionY engine, and Fig. y8 illustrates a set of the thermal eficiency is substantiallyincreased nozzles of differing sizes which may be used in 5f over that obtainable in internal combustion enthe air manifold. 6ft" gines heretofore designed. v The thermal eiciency and power output of sin- One of the objects of my invention is to progle cylinder engines are normally greater than vide a construction of internal combustion engine that of multi-cylindervmotors when the efliciency wherein a uniform explosive mixture may be of each of the cylinders is individually considered.

combustion engine for increasing the over all efthat it is extremely kdifficult to provide an exciency of the engine. plosive mixture of equal composition for all cyl- Another object of my invention is to provide inders. Due to the non-gaseous condition of the means for supplying air in proportion t0 the fuel the uidparticles have the tendency to be supplied to each of the cylinders of an internal The principal reason for this resides in the fact 653;

operation of the carbureter to each of the cyl' thrown tothe outside of the curved paths in the 1Q inders of an internal combustion engine with bends of the manifold. On account of this some means for controlling the pressure and volume cylinders will obtain a lean and others a rich of the air thus supplied for rendering the excharge. Y plosive composition uniform in each ofthe engine A mixture which contains the exact amount Vof cylinders. f fuel that can be burned completely by the amount 75 Another object of my invention is to provide of air present will be termed ashaving 100% mixa construction of valve system for independently, ture Strength, N01 mixture can be ignited unless supplying air to each of the cylinders of van inits strength lires in between 85 and 150%. In ternal combustion engine` with means for conmodem engines the Carbureter musi-,be adjusted trolling the pressure Of the all' hllS Supplied in' in such manner that the leanest. Cylinder will SQ. accordance with the operation of the throttle receiveacharge of at least 85% mixture strength. Valve of the carbureter. Y When this adjustment is obtained it will be Still 2-I10l1e1` OlOJ'eCl 0f my nVehlJOll iS t0 DIO- found that at least at low engine speeds when vide a construction of nozzle valve for admitting the fuel is nsufeiently atomized, some other levil' in predetermined quantity immediately adcylinders will receive a charge of 150% or more so 85 jacent the intake Valve fOr each Cylnderi Of that, missing and drop in power will @3f-,1112A an internal combustion engine with means for To` Correct this Condition it has been proposed Y regulating tlle DI'eSSUTe 0f all" WhCll yiS Supplied to heat-the-fuel to such an extent that a large tcy the several 11022165 for mforhly rregulating percentage becomes evaporated thus diminishing the combustible mixture in the several cylinders.- distribution tr0ub1e5- However, this heating proc- 90v My DVehtOH Will 'be more Clearly' uldeYSOOd ess decreases the volumetric efliciency considerby reference to the following specicationand the ably With the result of 10W power Output. Further eCCOmDehVP-g drawings in WhChf it has been'found'that a mixture strength of 85% Figure 1 S a Side elevation an internal 0,0m" gives the best thermal eflicieney in single cylin- 40 lbustion engine embodying the .principles of my dervengme invention with parts thereof broken away to show, t In *selecting Someintermedate running Cong the interior almngementf flle mzzllesnd porti dition it Wiutherefore be obvious that both emby which air is indepen en y supp ie Vin pre- A l Y determined quantity to each of thecylinders of clfemy mid power Output are sdcnceq m any the 'enginel Fig 2 is a top plan View of an inmultl'cyhnder Internal Combustlon engme' 00 5 In investigating the performance of internal ternal combustion engine showlng the embodlv combustion englnes under different cond1t1ons of ment lof my invention therem wlth parts broken f th t d 1 d di away to Vmorerclearly illustrate the nozzle arlsllggstogm np gr glrllar rangement m the alr'supply mamfold Flg' 3 1S inch is Ycreated in the intake manifold and as 105 an end elevation of an internal combustion en' gine constructed in accordance with my inventhe load increases the vacuummthe intake man1- tion; Fig. 4 isacross-sectionalview taken through fOld decreases. Under conditions of no load or one of vthe'cylin'ders of the engine and illustratlight load While 2f high Vacuum 1S Createdthere ling the arrangement of air supply nozzles in acis only a small amount of combustible mixture cordancewithmy invention; Figs. 5,'6 and Il show passing throughthe valves and the quantlty of 1-10 yco;

combustible mixture must be increased as the load increased.

My invention contemplates the individual regulation of the mixture strength per cylinder by means of a quantity of air which is introduced immediately under the intake valve of each cylinder, the quantity oi air admitted being metered by a nozzle while the pressure of the air entering the nozzle is regulated by means of a throttle vaive. I employ a throttle valve for regulating the pressure of air supplied to independent nozzles which govern the volume of air admitted to each cylinder. The pressure regulating means is controlled simultaneously with the movement of the throttle valve of the carbureter. Without the pressure regulating means in the internal combustion engine arrangement of Ymy invention there would be a maximum quantity of air admitted by the nozzles at minimum loads and a minimum quantity of air admitted under conditions of maximum load. This would result in a very lean mixture when the engine is running idle and a very rich mixture when the engine is iuliy loaded which would render the internal combustion engine unsuitable for automotive purposes. f

Referring to the drawings in more detail referencecharacter 1 designates the internal combustion engine provided with a plurality of cylinders 12 in which pistonsl are arranged to reciprocate'. The intake manifold is represented at 2l having a carbureter throttle valve 3 therein Whose'position -is controlled by link 4 actuating crank uarm` 31. The link 4 is pivot-ally connected to crank arm 5 which is arranged to rotatably move shait'member- 6 for controlling the position of butterfly valve 7 in the valve housing 8 which is screw threaded into an aperture 30 in the cylinder head 18. 'An air manifold 19 extends longitudinally of thevcylinder head 18 and f is open to -the atmosphere through the port 30 and valve housing 8. A screen 9 closes the upper extremity oi the valve housing 8 and a dust cap 1D is secured by means of a screw 11 over the top of the Valve housing. My invention has been illustrated in connection with a six cylinder engine having the exhaust manifold 16 .and the intake manifold 2. Spark plugs 17 are shown for each ci the cylinders. The air manifold 19 which extends adjacent one side of the cylinder head 18 is sealed'at the ends provided for the core supports in the process of casting by means of plugs 32 and The air manifold is thus closed at each end and suppliediwith air through port 30 under. control of valve 7 at substantially thecenter thereof. Immediately beneath the intake valve 14 of each of the cylinders and terminating in the space i 29 under the head of the poppet valve I provide a port 27 which is'drilled through the engine structure l. The outer end of this port 27 is screw threaded at 15 to' receive a-plug 28. A port 26 is arranged in the engine structure-1 substantially at an angle with the port 27 and is aligned with a screw threadedport 25 in the cylinder head 18. '-Thenozzle which regulatesthe quantity of air admitted to `each cylinder is shown at 20 as inciuding a body structure 21 having a laterally extending port 22 ytherethrough and a longitudinally extending port 23 passing from the end of they body structure 21 and'connecting with thellateraliy extendingV port 22. The body structure of the nozzle is screwthreaded at 24 so that it may be screwed fast in the threads 25 of cylinder head 18 'The size of this nozzle will vary for the dif- `:ferent cylinders and must besuch that allY of the cylinders obtain a charge of substantially the same mixture strength. Air is admitted from the air manifold 19 to the port 22 and then through the longitudinally extending port 23 to screw threaded port 25, port 26, laterally extending port 27, area 29 immediately below the intake valve 14, and then to cylinder 12. A set of nozzles of differing sizes has been illustrated in Fig. 8 at A, B, C with the corresponding parts thereof represented by reference characters similar to the reference characters in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 with subscripts a, b and c at 20a, 2Gb and 20c, etc. It is necessary to regulate the pressure of the air entering the several nozzles dependent upon the engine speed and load. .This is accomplished by the linking of valve 7 with throttle valve 3 in such manner that the pressure of the air entering each of the metering valves 20 is proportioned to the combustible charge supplied to the cylinders.

The metering nozzles 20 are readily interchangeable for 'introducing 'diierent quantities of air into each of the cylinders as observation under running conditions may determine. 'I'he parts required in carrying out the principles of my invention are extremely simple'in construction and inexpensive in manufacture and production.

While I have illustrated the air manifold as cast integral with the cylinder head, I desire that it be understood that the manifold might be exterior of the cylinder head and connections es'- tablished with each of the metering nozzles. The ports in the casting adjacent the engine cylinders may be directed at any desired angle and it is not necessary that they extend perpendicular of the axes of the cylinders as has been represented in the drawings.

I desire that it be understood that other modiiications of this invention may be made as Will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the vart and that no limitations upon my invention are intended other than are imposed by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, an independent intake valve for each cylinder, a ported bolt individual to each cylinder for .individually supplying a predetermined quantity of air at the intake valves of each of said cylinders and means for controlling pressure of air supplied to each of saidported bolts at a central point with respect to said ported bolts.

2. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, independent fuel intake valve means for each cylinder, a source of air supply, and individual nozzle iixtures removably associated with each cylinder and` disposed intermediate the source of air supply and the fuel stream, said nozzle fixtures provided with xed air openings of selective size for introducing a metered charge of air into the fuel stream adjacent the intake valve means.

v3. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, independent fuelY intake valve means for each cylinder, a

source ofhairsupply, individual means including a metering device associated with each cylinder for introducing a metered charge of air into the fuel vstream adjacent the intake means, said metering device operable vindependently of the @heim-Suction, and a mechanically controlled device for controlling at least in part the pressure of the said source of .air supply.

4. In a Vmultiple cylinder internal combustion engine having a pluralityof cylinders, independent fuel intake valve means for each cylinder, a source of air supply, individual nozzle fixtures having ports of fixed dimensions associated with each cylinder and disposed intermediate the source of air supply and the fuel stream for introducing a predetermined metered charge of air into the fuel stream adjacent the intake valve means, and means controlling the pressure of the said source of air supply.

5. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine having six or more cylinders, independent fuel intake valve means for each cylinder, means for controlling the supply of combustible mixture to each of said intake valves, a source of air supply, means controlled simultaneously with the control of the supply of combustible mixture to said intake valves for varying the pressure of the air in said source of air supply, and individual means associated with eachcylinder and including a metering device operable independently of the engine suction for metering-the flow of air from said source of air supply to the combustible mixture adjacent each intake Valve means.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a frame, a plurality of cylinders carried by said frame, an intake valve for each of said cylinders, an air port in said frame individual to each of said intake valves, a manifold common to all of said air ports, a valve for controlling the pressure of air admitted to said manifold and a nozzle member individual to each of said air ports for independently regulating the values of air supplied through a jet to said individual cylinder, said air supply being regulated by engine suction and a mechanically actuatedcontrol means.

'7. An internal combustion engine comprising a frame, a plurality of cylinders carried by said frame, an intake valve for each of said cylinders, an air port in said frame individual to each of said intake valves, a manifold common to al1 of said air ports, means for controlling the supply of combustible mixture to said intake valves and means controlled by said first ymentioned means for regulating the pressure of air supplied to said manifold, and individual jets interposed between each of said air ports and said manifold for independently regulating the values of air admitted to the corresponding one of said cylinders, said air supply being regulated by engine suction and a mechanically actuated control device.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising a frame, a plurality of cylinders carried by said frame, an intake Valve for each of said cylinders, means for controlling the supply of combustible mixture to each of said intake Valves, an airv port in'said frame individual to each of saidk intake Valves, an air manifold common to all of said air ports, screw threaded nozzle members of selected size for individually controlling the quantity of air transferred from said air manifold to each of said air ports and nozzles, the supply of air being mechanically controlled simultaneously with the control of the supply of combustible mixture to said intake valves for varying the pressure of air admitted to said manifold whereby a uniform combustible mixture may be supplied to said cylinders under varying conditions of load.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a header Vfor said cylinders, an air manifold positioned in said header, an intake valve for each of said cylinders, an air port in said manifold individual to each'of said intake valves, metering nozzles disposed between said air manifold and each of said air ports and means for controlling the pressure of air supplied to said air manifold for distribution in predetermined quantities to each of said cylinders, said means being controlled in response to engine suction and by a mechanically actuated control device.

10. An internal combustion engine, a frame, a plurality of cylinders carried by said frame, a header for said cylinders, an intake valve for each of said cylinders, air ports in said frame individual to each of saidintake valves, an air manifold extending longitudinally of said header adjacent one side thereof, metering nozzles extending through said header and into ports for supplying air in predetermined quantity to each of said cylinders and valve mechanism mounted centrally of said header for controlling the pressure of air admitted to said air manifold for regulating the combustible charge admitted to said cylinders under varying conditions of load, said valve mechanism effecting a supplemental regulation of the air pressure in said air manifold.

ANDR J. MEYER. 

